Exploring naturalistic conceptions of ‘a moral person’ for Koreans

textEducational PsychologyIn the field of moral psychology, cognitive functioning has long been the main focus of studies. Many researchers have been interested in moral reasoning ability, its developmental paths, and the process of moral judgment or decision making. Relatively recently, some moral psychologists started questioning whether people who are not theorists, researchers, or educators in morality also put as much emphasis on the cognitive functions as the core of morality. According to the literature, laypeople found to include cognitive aspects as one component of morality, and they also emphasize moral characters and virtues as other elements. In addition, laypeople frequently consider characteristics of ‘a moral person’ when they are asked to think about morality. These findings have activated research on naturalistic conceptions of morality and moral exemplars. However, few studies have examined how laypeople from different cultures other than the United States and Canada conceptualize morality. The purpose of this study was to explore naturalistic conceptions of ‘a moral person’ and to develop a theoretical model of moral exemplars for Koreans based on the gathered conceptions. Twenty two Koreans participated in in-depth, semi-structured, open-ended interviews. A grounded theory approach was used to conduct interviews, analyze data, and achieve the research goals. Korean laypeople’s conceptions included behaviors, personality traits, and psychological functions of ‘a moral person’ for them. In those behaviors and personality traits, both interpersonal (e.g., helping others or caring) and intrapersonal (e.g., living with integrity or being principled) characteristics were found together. Koreans conceptualize a person as moral when he or she tends to behave morally as an outer revelation of inner morality, personality traits. Using psychological functions (e.g., perspective taking, being compassionate, or keeping social face) appeared to promote the emergence of a moral behavior or make the behavior extraordinary. Finally, Koreans found to think of a person as moral who does moral behaviors even in challenging situations, assuming that his or her moral personality traits are strongly associated with the behaviors. In addition, Koreans tend to more emphasize interpersonal (i.e., other-oriented or community-based) aspects of morality than intrapersonal (i.e., self-centered or individual-based) components. These findings were summarized that ‘a moral person’ for Koreans is a person who has ‘moral heart’ and lives ‘in harmony with others.’Educational Psycholog

Understanding the Adoption of Mobile Data Services: A Value Perspective

Mobile data services (MDS) are wireless value-added pay-per-use services that have attracted increased attention in recent years. In the marketing and information system (IS) disciples, the ability of a service provider to offer a high level of value to its customers is regarded as a success. In this paper, a theoretical framework is proposed to investigate key drivers in wireless pay-per-use services behavior based on a value perspective. This study examines the role of three evaluation values, derived from marketing and IS literature, in adoption decisions. Potential adopters have no experience with MDS; thus, they likely conceive value based primarily on indirect experience with it, such as through advertisements or communication with peers. Most studies of MDS, however, have given little attention to the types of information sources that affect the formation of value that is obtained using MDS. In this study, the influence of members of social networks and secondary sources are regarded as the major sources of information. The proposed model is empirically tested using survey data collected from 287 potential adopters. The analysis results show that the proposed model, based on the aforementioned view of value, provides a significant explanation of the variance in the level of adoption intention toward MDS in individuals. The results of this study show that utilitarian and social values dominate adoption decisions while the impact of hedonic value in MDS acceptance is weaker than other values. Information from relevant others and from mass media play a critical role in forming the perceptions of value obtained from the use of MDS

ReCrash: Making Crashes Reproducible

It is difficult to fix a problem without being able to reproduce it.However, reproducing a problem is often difficult and time-consuming.This paper proposes a novel algorithm, ReCrash, that generatesmultiple unit tests that reproduce a given program crash.ReCrash dynamically tracks method calls during every execution of the target program. If the program crashes, ReCrash saves information about the relevant method calls and uses the saved information to create unit tests reproducing the crash.We present reCrashJ an implementation of ReCrash for Java. reCrashJ reproducedreal crashes from javac, SVNKit, Eclipse JDT, and BST. reCrashJ is efficient, incurring 13%-64% performance overhead. If this overhead is unacceptable, then reCrashJ has another mode that has negligible overhead until a crash occurs and 0%-1.7% overhead until a second crash, at which point the test cases are generated